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GRE · Analytical Writing: Argument Essay · Saudi Arabia

Analytical Writing: Argument Essay for the GRE Exam — Saudi candidates

5% of the GRE test plan. The Argument Essay asks you to identify and explain the logical flaws, unwarranted assumptions, and missing evidence in a provided argument — not to give your own opinion on the topic. Calibrated for Saudi candidates.

If you have already studied this content from a textbook, you know the material. The question this page answers is whether you can apply it under exam conditions. Analytical Writing: Argument Essay sits at roughly 5% of the Graduate Record Examinations content distribution — The Argument Essay is the second Analytical Writing task, also 30 minutes. Unlike the Issue Essay, you are not asked for your opinion — you are asked to critique the logical structure of a given argument. ETS evaluates whether you can identify unstated assumptions, logical fallacies (correlation/causation, hasty generalization, false analogy, slippery slope, circular reasoning), missing evidence, and alternative explanations. This tests skills directly relevant to graduate-level research and professional reasoning. Pass rates for the GRE are published annually by the awarding body and vary by cohort and locale. For Saudi candidates preparing for GRE, the calibration of study to local context matters: GAT (Qudurat) and Tahsili gate Saudi university admission; IELTS and TOEFL are required for English-medium programs at KFUPM, KAUST, and overseas study.

Pass rates for GRE (Saudi Arabia) are published periodically by the awarding body.

Common failure modes

These are the patterns that cause most candidates to lose marks on this topic. Recognising them in advance is half the work.

  • !Writing your own position on the topic instead of critiquing the argument's logic — a fundamental misunderstanding of the task
  • !Identifying only one flaw when three to four substantive logical errors are expected for a top score
  • !Describing flaws superficially ("this is a weak argument") without explaining the precise logical error and how it undermines the conclusion
  • !Missing the alternative explanations that could account for the evidence presented — ETS specifically rewards alternative-explanation analysis

Study tips

  • 1Build a checklist of the eight most common GRE Argument Essay logical flaws: (1) correlation/causation, (2) hasty generalization, (3) false analogy, (4) unrepresentative sample, (5) circular reasoning, (6) either/or fallacy, (7) appeal to authority, (8) temporal assumption (past conditions = present conditions).
  • 2Practice the Argument Essay structure: (1) brief intro identifying the argument's conclusion, (2) three body paragraphs each identifying one specific flaw with an explanation and an alternative, (3) concise conclusion.
  • 3Write the word "BECAUSE" between the evidence and the conclusion in the argument — then ask whether that causal or logical link is actually established. If not, that gap is a flaw.
  • 4Practice with ETS's published pool of Argument Essay prompts (available on ETS website) — they follow consistent structural patterns once you've seen 10–15 examples.
  • 5Saudi candidates preparing for GRE can leverage the existing GAT (Qudurat) preparation infrastructure — many concepts (verbal reasoning, quantitative comparison) transfer directly.

Sample GRE Analytical Writing: Argument Essay questions

These sample items mirror the format and difficulty of real GRE questions. Practice with thousands more on the free Koydo question bank.

  1. 1

    Argument Essay prompt: "The number of tourists visiting Millbrook has increased significantly since the new art museum opened three years ago. Therefore, the town should build another museum in order to continue increasing tourism revenue." Which of the following is the most significant logical flaw in this argument?

    • AThe argument assumes the relationship is causal, not merely correlationalCorrect
    • BThe argument relies on anecdotal evidence from a single case
    • CThe argument does not consider whether the town has the budget to build another museum
    • DThe argument contradicts itself by using the word "continue"
    Why this answer?

    The core flaw is the assumption of causation from correlation. Tourism may have increased for reasons unrelated to the museum (economic growth, other attractions, currency exchange rates). The conclusion that building another museum will increase tourism assumes a causal mechanism that has not been established. The argument also makes a false analogy by assuming that a second museum will have the same effect as the first. (Illustrative.)

Frequently asked questions

Is the Argument Essay harder than the Issue Essay?
Most test-takers find the Issue Essay easier to approach because they can draw on their own knowledge. The Argument Essay requires careful logical analysis of a specific text, which feels more constrained. The Argument Essay is harder for those who default to "agreeing or disagreeing" with the argument rather than critiquing its structure.
How long should my GRE essays be?
High-scoring Issue and Argument essays tend to be 450–650 words — roughly five well-developed paragraphs. Longer essays are not automatically better. ETS raters have noted that depth of analysis per paragraph outweighs raw word count.
What is the GRE pass rate for Saudi candidates?
Pass rates for GRE candidates in Saudi Arabia are published periodically by the awarding body. Practice questions, full-length simulations, and weak-area drills are the highest-impact way to improve your odds.
How long should Saudi candidates study Analytical Writing: Argument Essay for the GRE?
For most candidates, focused mastery of Analytical Writing: Argument Essay requires 20–40 hours of deliberate practice — drilling sample questions, reviewing failure modes, and timing yourself against exam conditions. GAT (Qudurat) and Tahsili gate Saudi university admission; IELTS and TOEFL are required for English-medium programs at KFUPM, KAUST, and overseas study. Combine Analytical Writing: Argument Essay study with full-length mock exams in the final two weeks before your test date.

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Related study guides

Regulatory citation: ETS GRE General Test — Analytical Writing measure scoring guide.