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Reading — Craft & Structure for the SAT Exam

Craft and Structure questions are the most vocabulary-dependent questions in the Digital SAT and often trip up strong readers who rely on passage comprehension alone. 'Words in Context' questions ask for the best meaning of a word as used in the passage — the most common vocabulary question type. Text structure and author's purpose questions require meta-level reading.

College Board Digital SAT Suite Specifications 2024 — Reading and Writing: Craft and Structure domain (~28% of RW questions).

Locale-specific study guides

Pass-rate data, regulatory context, and study tips for Reading — Craft & Structure all change by candidate locale. Pick your context:

Common failure modes

These are the patterns that cause most candidates to lose marks on this topic. Recognising them in advance is half the work.

  • !Choosing the most common definition of a vocabulary word instead of its contextual meaning in the passage
  • !Misidentifying the author's purpose — selecting 'to persuade' when the text structure is actually neutral and expository
  • !Confusing 'point of view' with 'main idea' — point of view asks about the narrator's stance, not the topic
  • !Overlooking transition words (however, therefore, in contrast) that signal the text's logical structure

Study tips

  • 1For Words in Context questions: substitute each answer choice back into the sentence and eliminate those that change the meaning or create awkwardness.
  • 2For text structure: identify the first and last sentences of the passage — they almost always contain the author's main move (introduce, argue, contrast, qualify).
  • 3Build a working vocabulary using College Board's high-frequency word lists. The Digital SAT tests advanced vocabulary less than the old SAT, but Words in Context still requires 11th–12th grade reading level vocabulary.
  • 4Practise identifying six common rhetorical modes: description, narration, exposition, argumentation, analysis, comparison-contrast. These underlie most text-structure questions.

Sample SAT Reading — Craft & Structure questions

These sample items mirror the format and difficulty of real SAT questions. Practice with thousands more on the free Koydo question bank.

  1. 1

    In context, the word 'precipitate' in the sentence 'The new policy may precipitate unintended consequences' most nearly means:

    • APrevent
    • BCause suddenlyCorrect
    • CMeasure carefully
    • DDelay
    Why this answer?

    In this context, 'precipitate' is a verb meaning to cause something to happen abruptly or prematurely. 'Prevent' is the antonym; 'measure' and 'delay' do not fit the context of the policy causing consequences.

  2. 2

    A passage begins by describing a scientific problem, then presents a proposed solution, and concludes by noting the solution's limitations. This structure is best described as:

    • AChronological narrative
    • BProblem-solution-evaluationCorrect
    • CCompare and contrast
    • DCause and effect
    Why this answer?

    The passage moves from problem → proposed solution → evaluation of limitations. This matches the problem-solution-evaluation (or problem-solution with qualification) text structure pattern.

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Reading & Writing + Math in the post-2024 adaptive format.